Simulasi Busur Api (ARC) Pada Pemutus Daya (Circuit Breaker) Dengan Menggunakan Program Matlab Simulink

Abstract

When circuit breaker interrupt the current then the arc would occur. Before current interrupted, the fault current flows between contactors of circuit breaker. Because the small of resistance value of circuit breaker channel and then as a consequence the current results a new voltage at contactors of circuit breaker which is called the arc voltage. The arc acts a non linier resistance. This paper discuss arc simulation which is occurs on CB with using Matlab Simulink Program. The arc phenomenon had been modelled with using Schavemaker models and Mayr model used as a comparison. The simulation is performed with extinction power value P0 = 10 MW, time constant = 1 x 10-5 second, initial conductance g(0) = 1 x 104 Siemens, extinction power constant P1 = 0.995, contact separation at 0 second and arc voltage before contact opened (Uarc) is zero. The simulation result shows that zero crossing condition is obtained before a half of current waves cycle which is at 0,0098 second (50 Hz = 0,02 second). The simulation ran for different circuit breaker opening time. More faster CB opened in a half cycle time results more bigger peak value of arc voltage or transient recovery voltage. This case must be taken into account designing of CB opening time.

Key words : circuit breaker, arc model, arc interaction.